Mortgage Preapproval vs. Prequalification: What's the Difference?

What Is a Mortgage Prequalification?

A mortgage prequalification is a quick estimate of how much home you can probably afford. (At least according to the lender—your actual home budget should be a separate conversation.)

Why is it a quick estimate? Because, honestly, you don’t need to do much to get one. All you need is your name, phone number, and some numbers (real or fake) that show your income, assets and debts. Give these to your lender over the phone, online or in person—and they’ll give you a prequalification on the spot.

When is the best time to get a mortgage prequalification?

First, decide if you’re ready to buy a home. If you are, get prequalified.

Yeah, it’s really that simple. Since a prequalification gives you a big picture idea of how much mortgage you would be approved for, the best time to get one is in the very beginning—when you’re reviewing your budget. Think of it as the first step in the mortgage process.

What do you need to get a mortgage prequalification?

Here’s the truth—you need a lender and that’s about it. As long as you have numbers in your head or on paper, you can get prequalified.

What Is a Mortgage Preapproval?

A mortgage preapproval is a step above a prequalification. It’s a thorough investigation of your income, assets, credit history, rental history and debts. It will give you a concrete idea of how much home you can afford—according to your lender. When you get preapproved, a lender verifies you’re employed, checks that you aren’t falsifying the facts, and makes sure you aren’t swimming in debt up to your eyeballs.

When is the best time to get a mortgage preapproval?

The same as with mortgage prequalification, the best time to get a mortgage preapproval is when you’re ready to start shopping for a house. In fact, we’re going to let you in on a little secret—you can skip prequalification and go straight for preapproval.

When you receive your preapproval, keep one important fact in mind: Your lender will likely approve you for way more money than you should consider spending on a home. Stick with these two guidelines and you’ll have a home you can truly afford, while you work toward bigger financial goals like saving for retirement or paying for your kids’ college:

1. You need to put at least 5–10% down (20% will help you avoid paying private mortgage insurace). So if you have $20,000 saved, you can afford the down payment on a $200,000 home.
2. Your payments on a 15-year mortgage should be no more than 25% of your take-home pay. You’ll pay thousands less in interest with a 15-year mortgage than you would with a 30-year mortgage—and you’ll be out of debt in half the time!

You’ll be tempted to look at more expensive homes, especially when you see how much your lender thinks you can afford. But a huge mortgage payment will ultimately make your home a curse, not the blessing it should be. Source